Higher-order integrable evolution equation and its soliton solutions

Abstract

We consider an extended nonlinear Schrödinger equation with higher-order odd and even terms with independent variable coefficients. We demonstrate its integrability, provide its Lax pair, and, applying the Darboux transformation, present its first and second order soliton solutions. The equation and its solutions have two free parameters. Setting one of these parameters to zero admits two limiting cases: the Hirota equation on the one hand and the Lakshmanan-Porsezian-Daniel (LPD) equation on the other hand. When both parameters are zero, the limit is the nonlinear Schrödinger equation. Show more