Effect of Timing Error on the Performance of BPSK Modulation over a Fading Channel

Abstract

In this letter, a closed form expression for the conditional bit error probability (BEP) with static timing errors of binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulation over a Rayleigh fading channel is presented. The expressions for average BEP are then given for dynamic timing errors assuming the normalized timing error has either a Gaussian probability density function (pdf) or a Tikhonov pdf. Numerical results to corroborate the derived analytic expressions are presented for average BEP obtained by averaging the conditional error probability over the pdf of normalized timing errors. Show more