Dart, Allison B.Wicklow, Brandy A.Sellers, Elizabeth A.Dean, Heather J.Malik, SaymaWalker, JohnChateau, DanBlydt-Hansen, Tom D.McGavock, Jonathan M.2025-03-262025-03-26Scopus:84923176964PubMed:25284698https://dspace-test.anu.edu.au/handle/1885/733740359Background: Youth-onset type 2 diabetes is associated with a high burden of renal complications, culminating with end stage kidney disease in early adulthood. The establishment of relevant bioclinical determinants of albuminuria and ultimately progression of chronic kidney disease in youth is critically important to facilitate patient risk stratification and aid in the development of treatment targets and tailored prevention strategies. In response to the important gaps in knowledge, we created a prospective cohort study of youth with type 2 diabetes titled the Improving Renal Complications in Adolescents with Type 2 Diabetes through the REsearch (iCARE) Study. Methods: iCARE is a prospective observational cohort study of individuals with type 2 diabetes diagnosed prior to 18 years of age; the recruitment target was 400 patients. Phase 1 entailed a detailed phenotypic assessment of youth, including anthropometrics, biochemistry, 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, overnight urine collections for albumin excretion, renal ultrasound and iohexol-derived glomerular filtration rate. Phase 2 of the study is an evaluation of psychological factors, including hair-derived cortisol; validated questionnaires for perceived stress, distress and resiliency; and a detailed evaluation of systemic and urine inflammatory biomarkers. Annual follow up is planned to assess temporal associations between clinical risk factors and renal outcomes, including progression of albuminuria. Conclusion: This study will provide novel insight into the risk factors for albuminuria and progression of chronic kidney disease in youth with type 2 diabetes. New knowledge generated by this study will inform clinical care, and the infrastructure developed will provide a framework for future intervention studies.We thank all of the patients and their physicians who are participating in this study. We gratefully acknowledge the financial support of our funders. Direct costs: Phase 1 of the study, designed to address research question #1 was funded by the Canadian Diabetes Association (2011–2014; grant OG-3-11-3354-AD). Phase 2 of the study, which was designed to address Research Question #2 and recruit matched adolescents without diabetes, was funded by the Manitoba Health Research Council (2012–2014; grant 1475). Additional support is provided by a renewable team grant from the Winnipeg Children's Hospital Foundation , which funds a theme in translational research focused on type 2 diabetes in children (Diabetes Research Envisioned and Accomplished in Manitoba [DREAM]). An application for additional funding for the expanded study is currently under review.7EnglishPublisher Copyright: © 2014 Canadian Diabetes Association.AlbuminuriaCohortInflammationPsychological factorsType 2 diabetes201410.1016/j.jcjd.2014.07.224http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84923176964&partnerID=8YFLogxK