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Constraints on the Cosmic Expansion History from GWTC-3

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dc.contributor.authorAbbott, R.en
dc.contributor.authorAbe, H.en
dc.contributor.authorAcernese, F.en
dc.contributor.authorAckley, K.en
dc.contributor.authorAdhikari, N.en
dc.contributor.authorAdhikari, R. X.en
dc.contributor.authorAdkins, V. K.en
dc.contributor.authorAdya, V. B.en
dc.contributor.authorAffeldt, C.en
dc.contributor.authorAgarwal, D.en
dc.contributor.authorAgathos, M.en
dc.contributor.authorAgatsuma, K.en
dc.contributor.authorAggarwal, N.en
dc.contributor.authorAguiar, O. D.en
dc.contributor.authorAiello, L.en
dc.contributor.authorAin, A.en
dc.contributor.authorAjith, P.en
dc.contributor.authorAkutsu, T.en
dc.contributor.authorAlbanesi, S.en
dc.contributor.authorAlfaidi, R. A.en
dc.contributor.authorAllocca, A.en
dc.contributor.authorAltin, P. A.en
dc.contributor.authorChua, S. S.Y.en
dc.contributor.authorEichholz, J.en
dc.contributor.authorEvans, T. M.en
dc.contributor.authorForsyth, P. W.F.en
dc.contributor.authorGould, D. W.en
dc.contributor.authorGrace, B.en
dc.contributor.authorHolland, N. A.en
dc.contributor.authorJunker, J.en
dc.contributor.authorKapasi, D. P.en
dc.contributor.authorKijbunchoo, N.en
dc.contributor.authorLee, R.en
dc.contributor.authorMansell, G. L.en
dc.contributor.authorManske, M.en
dc.contributor.authorMcClelland, D. E.en
dc.contributor.authorMcRae, T.en
dc.contributor.authorMow-Lowry, C. M.en
dc.contributor.authorMullavey, A.en
dc.contributor.authorNguyen, T.en
dc.contributor.authorPanther, F. H.en
dc.contributor.authorPayne, E.en
dc.contributor.authorSchnabel, R.en
dc.contributor.authorScott, S. M.en
dc.contributor.authorSlagmolen, B. J.J.en
dc.contributor.authorSun, L.en
dc.contributor.authorTöyrä, D.en
dc.contributor.authorWard, R. L.en
dc.contributor.authorWette, K.en
dc.contributor.authorYap, M. J.en
dc.date.accessioned2025-03-19T08:23:20Z
dc.date.available2025-03-19T08:23:20Z
dc.date.issued2023-06-01en
dc.description.abstractWe use 47 gravitational wave sources from the Third LIGO-Virgo-Kamioka Gravitational Wave Detector Gravitational Wave Transient Catalog (GWTC-3) to estimate the Hubble parameter H(z), including its current value, the Hubble constant H0. Each gravitational wave (GW) signal provides the luminosity distance to the source, and we estimate the corresponding redshift using two methods: the redshifted masses and a galaxy catalog. Using the binary black hole (BBH) redshifted masses, we simultaneously infer the source mass distribution and H(z). The source mass distribution displays a peak around 34Me, followed by a drop-off. Assuming this mass scale does not evolve with the redshift results in a H(z) measurement, yielding H0 = 68+12-8 km s-1 Mpc-1 (68% credible interval) when combined with the H0 measurement from GW170817 and its electromagnetic counterpart. This represents an improvement of 17% with respect to the H0 estimate from GWTC-1. The second method associates each GW event with its probable host galaxy in the catalog GLADE+, statistically marginalizing over the redshifts of each event's potential hosts. Assuming a fixed BBH population, we estimate a value of H0 = 68+8-6 km s-1 Mpc-1 with the galaxy catalog method, an improvement of 42% with respect to our GWTC-1 result and 20% with respect to recent H0 studies using GWTC-2 events. However, we show that this result is strongly impacted by assumptions about the BBH source mass distribution; the only event which is not strongly impacted by such assumptions (and is thus informative about H0) is the well-localized event GW190814.en
dc.description.sponsorshipThis material is based upon work supported by NSF's LIGO Laboratory, which is a major facility fully funded by the National Science Foundation. The authors also gratefully acknowledge the support of the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) of the United Kingdom, the Max-Planck-Society (MPS), and the State of Niedersachsen/Germany for support of the construction of Advanced LIGO and construction and operation of the GEO600 detector. Additional support for Advanced LIGO was provided by the Australian Research Council. The authors gratefully acknowledge the Italian Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), the French Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO), for the construction and operation of the Virgo detector and the creation and support of the EGO consortium. The authors also gratefully acknowledge research support from these agencies as well as by the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research of India, the Department of Science and Technology, India, the Science & Engineering Research Board (SERB), India, the Ministry of Human Resource Development, India, the Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI), the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación and Ministerio de Universidades, the Conselleria de Fons Europeus, Universitat i Cultura and the Direcció General de Política Universitaria i Recerca del Govern de les Illes Balears, the Conselleria d’Innovació Universitats, Ciència i Societat Digital de la Generalitat Valenciana and the CERCA Programme Generalitat de Catalunya, Spain, the National Science Centre of Poland and the European Union–European Regional Development Fund, Foundation for Polish Science (FNP), the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, the Russian Science Foundation, the European Commission, the European Social Funds (ESF), the European Regional Development Funds (ERDF), the Royal Society, the Scottish Funding Council, the Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, the Hungarian Scientific Research Fund (OTKA), the French Lyon Institute of Origins (LIO), the Belgian Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (FRS-FNRS), Actions de Recherche Concertées (ARC) and Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek–Vlaanderen (FWO), Belgium, the Paris Île-de-France Region, the National Research, Development and Innovation Office Hungary (NKFIH), the National Research Foundation of Korea, the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council Canada, Canadian Foundation for Innovation (CFI), the Brazilian Ministry of Science, Technology, and Innovations, the International Center for Theoretical Physics South American Institute for Fundamental Research (ICTP-SAIFR), the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), the Leverhulme Trust, the Research Corporation, the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST), Taiwan, the United States Department of Energy, and the Kavli Foundation. The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the NSF, STFC, INFN, and CNRS for provision of computational resources. This material is based upon work supported by NSF's LIGO Laboratory, which is a major facility fully funded by the National Science Foundation. The authors also gratefully acknowledge the support of the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) of the United Kingdom, the Max-Planck-Society (MPS), and the State of Niedersachsen/Germany for support of the construction of Advanced LIGO and construction and operation of the GEO600 detector. Additional support for Advanced LIGO was provided by the Australian Research Council. The authors gratefully acknowledge the Italian Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), the French Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO), for the construction and operation of the Virgo detector and the creation and support of the EGO consortium. The authors also gratefully acknowledge research support from these agencies as well as by the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research of India, the Department of Science and Technology, India, the Science & Engineering Research Board (SERB), India, the Ministry of Human Resource Development, India, the Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI), the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación and Ministerio de Universidades, the Conselleria de Fons Europeus, Universitat i Cultura and the Direcció General de Política Universitaria i Recerca del Govern de les Illes Balears, the Conselleria d'Innovació Universitats, Ciència i Societat Digital de la Generalitat Valenciana and the CERCA Programme Generalitat de Catalunya, Spain, the National Science Centre of Poland and the European Union-European Regional Development Fund, Foundation for Polish Science (FNP), the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, the Russian Science Foundation, the European Commission, the European Social Funds (ESF), the European Regional Development Funds (ERDF), the Royal Society, the Scottish Funding Council, the Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, the Hungarian Scientific Research Fund (OTKA), the French Lyon Institute of Origins (LIO), the Belgian Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (FRS-FNRS), Actions de Recherche Concertées (ARC) and Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek-Vlaanderen (FWO), Belgium, the Paris Ile-de-France Region, the National Research, Development and Innovation Office Hungary (NKFIH), the National Research Foundation of Korea, the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council Canada, Canadian Foundation for Innovation (CFI), the Brazilian Ministry of Science, Technology, and Innovations, the International Center for Theoretical Physics South American Institute for Fundamental Research (ICTPSAIFR), the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), the Leverhulme Trust, the Research Corporation, the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST), Taiwan, the United States Department of Energy, and the Kavli Foundation. The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the NSF, STFC, INFN, and CNRS for provision of computational resources. This work was supported by MEXT, JSPS Leading-edge Research Infrastructure Program, JSPS Grant-in-Aid for Specially Promoted Research 26000005, JSPS Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas 2905: JP17H06358, JP17H06361, and JP17H06364, JSPS Core-to- Core Program A. Advanced Research Networks, JSPS Grantin- Aid for Scientific Research (S) 17H06133 and 20H05639, JSPS Grant-in-Aid for Transformative Research Areas (A) 20A203: JP20H05854, the joint research program of the Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, National Research Foundation (NRF) and Computing Infrastructure Project of KISTI-GSDC in Korea, Academia Sinica (AS), AS Grid Center (ASGC), and the Ministry of Science and Technology (MoST) in Taiwan under grants including ASCDA- 105-M06, Advanced Technology Center (ATC) of NAOJ, Mechanical Engineering Center of KEK. We would like to thank all of the essential workers who put their health at risk during the COVID-19 pandemic, without whom we would not have been able to complete this work. This work was supported by MEXT, JSPS Leading-edge Research Infrastructure Program, JSPS Grant-in-Aid for Specially Promoted Research 26000005, JSPS Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas 2905: JP17H06358, JP17H06361, and JP17H06364, JSPS Core-to-Core Program A. Advanced Research Networks, JSPS Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (S) 17H06133 and 20H05639, JSPS Grant-in-Aid for Transformative Research Areas (A) 20A203: JP20H05854, the joint research program of the Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, National Research Foundation (NRF) and Computing Infrastructure Project of KISTI-GSDC in Korea, Academia Sinica (AS), AS Grid Center (ASGC), and the Ministry of Science and Technology (MoST) in Taiwan under grants including AS-CDA-105-M06, Advanced Technology Center (ATC) of NAOJ, Mechanical Engineering Center of KEK.en
dc.description.statustrueen
dc.identifier.otherresearchoutputwizard:a383154xPUB42690en
dc.identifier.otherScopus:85163895637en
dc.identifier.urihttps://dspace-test.anu.edu.au/handle/1885/733722325
dc.identifier.urlhttp://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85163895637&partnerID=8YFLogxKen
dc.language.isoEnglishen
dc.rightsPublisher Copyright: © 2023. The Author(s).en
dc.sourceAstrophysical Journalen
dc.subjectGravitational wave astronomyen
dc.subjectGravitational wave sourcesen
dc.subjectGravitational wavesen
dc.titleConstraints on the Cosmic Expansion History from GWTC-3en
dc.typeArticleen
local.contributor.affiliationAbbott, R.; California Institute of Technologyen
local.contributor.affiliationAbe, H.; Tokyo Institute of Technologyen
local.contributor.affiliationAcernese, F.; University of Salernoen
local.contributor.affiliationAckley, K.; Monash Universityen
local.contributor.affiliationAdhikari, N.; University of Wisconsin-Milwaukeeen
local.contributor.affiliationAdhikari, R. X.; California Institute of Technologyen
local.contributor.affiliationAdkins, V. K.; Louisiana State Universityen
local.contributor.affiliationAdya, V. B.; Centre for Gravitational Astrophysics, ANU College of Science and Medicine, The Australian National Universityen
local.contributor.affiliationAffeldt, C.; Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute)en
local.contributor.affiliationAgarwal, D.; Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics Indiaen
local.contributor.affiliationAgathos, M.; University of Cambridgeen
local.contributor.affiliationAgatsuma, K.; University of Birminghamen
local.contributor.affiliationAggarwal, N.; Northwestern Universityen
local.contributor.affiliationAguiar, O. D.; Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciaisen
local.contributor.affiliationAiello, L.; Cardiff Universityen
local.contributor.affiliationAin, A.; National Institute for Nuclear Physicsen
local.contributor.affiliationAjith, P.; Tata Institute of Fundamental Researchen
local.contributor.affiliationAkutsu, T.; National Institutes of Natural Sciences - National Astronomical Observatory of Japanen
local.contributor.affiliationAlbanesi, S.; University of Turinen
local.contributor.affiliationAlfaidi, R. A.; University of Glasgowen
local.contributor.affiliationAllocca, A.; National Institute for Nuclear Physicsen
local.contributor.affiliationAltin, P. A.; Centre for Gravitational Astrophysics, ANU College of Science and Medicine, The Australian National Universityen
local.contributor.affiliationChua, S. S.Y.; Centre for Gravitational Astrophysics, ANU College of Science and Medicine, The Australian National Universityen
local.contributor.affiliationEichholz, J.; Centre for Gravitational Astrophysics, ANU College of Science and Medicine, The Australian National Universityen
local.contributor.affiliationEvans, T. M.; National Science Foundationen
local.contributor.affiliationForsyth, P. W.F.; Centre for Gravitational Astrophysics, ANU College of Science and Medicine, The Australian National Universityen
local.contributor.affiliationGould, D. W.; CPMS Uni Research Scholarships, The Australian National Universityen
local.contributor.affiliationGrace, B.; Scholarships, Research School of Physics, ANU College of Science and Medicine, The Australian National Universityen
local.contributor.affiliationHolland, N. A.; Scholarships, Research School of Physics, ANU College of Science and Medicine, The Australian National Universityen
local.contributor.affiliationJunker, J.; Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute)en
local.contributor.affiliationKapasi, D. P.; Scholarships, Research School of Physics, ANU College of Science and Medicine, The Australian National Universityen
local.contributor.affiliationKijbunchoo, N.; Centre for Gravitational Astrophysics, ANU College of Science and Medicine, The Australian National Universityen
local.contributor.affiliationLee, R.; National Tsing Hua Universityen
local.contributor.affiliationMansell, G. L.; National Science Foundationen
local.contributor.affiliationManske, M.; University of Wisconsin-Milwaukeeen
local.contributor.affiliationMcClelland, D. E.; Centre for Gravitational Astrophysics, ANU College of Science and Medicine, The Australian National Universityen
local.contributor.affiliationMcRae, T.; Centre for Gravitational Astrophysics, ANU College of Science and Medicine, The Australian National Universityen
local.contributor.affiliationMow-Lowry, C. M.; National Institute for Subatomic Physicsen
local.contributor.affiliationMullavey, A.; National Science Foundationen
local.contributor.affiliationNguyen, T.; Massachusetts Institute of Technologyen
local.contributor.affiliationPanther, F. H.; University of Western Australiaen
local.contributor.affiliationPayne, E.; Monash Universityen
local.contributor.affiliationSchnabel, R.; University of Hamburgen
local.contributor.affiliationScott, S. M.; Centre for Gravitational Astrophysics, ANU College of Science and Medicine, The Australian National Universityen
local.contributor.affiliationSlagmolen, B. J.J.; Centre for Gravitational Astrophysics, ANU College of Science and Medicine, The Australian National Universityen
local.contributor.affiliationSun, L.; Centre for Gravitational Astrophysics, ANU College of Science and Medicine, The Australian National Universityen
local.contributor.affiliationTöyrä, D.; Centre for Gravitational Astrophysics, ANU College of Science and Medicine, The Australian National Universityen
local.contributor.affiliationWard, R. L.; Centre for Gravitational Astrophysics, ANU College of Science and Medicine, The Australian National Universityen
local.contributor.affiliationWette, K.; Centre for Gravitational Astrophysics, ANU College of Science and Medicine, The Australian National Universityen
local.contributor.affiliationYap, M. J.; Centre for Gravitational Astrophysics, ANU College of Science and Medicine, The Australian National Universityen
local.identifier.citationvolume949en
local.identifier.doi10.3847/1538-4357/ac74bben
local.identifier.pureaebbbfff-bd40-47de-ab5d-23cea33a46efen
local.type.statusPublisheden

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