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Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation status before and after acquired resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors in patients with lung adenocarcinoma

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目的: 应用突变扩增阻滞系统(ARMS)法检测肺腺癌患者表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(TKI)获得性耐药前后EGFR基因突变情况,并用微滴式数字PCR系统(ddPCR)对其进一步验证,探讨获得性耐药前后EGFR基因状态的变化情况,并结合这些变化情况讨论导致这些EGFR基因改变的可能原因。 方法: 收集EGFR-TKI治疗前以及EGFR-TKI获得性耐药后均进行取材的肺腺癌患者20例,其中EGFR-TKI治疗前ARMS法EGFR基因检测有5例为野生型,15例为EGFR-TKI敏感性突变位点L858R和19-del,疾病进展时间4~18个月不等,男性13例,女性7例。采用ARMS法进行EGFR基因第18、19、20、21号外显子突变检测,ddPCR对其进一步验证。 结果: 20例肺腺癌患者中,5例EGFR-TKI治疗前EGFR基因野生型患者,在发生EGFR-TKI获得性耐药后EGFR基因同样为野生型。15例治疗前EGFR-TKI敏感性突变患者中,获得性耐药后有10例EGFR基因发生了改变,其中T790M突变的有8例,1例患者EGFR基因由原来的L858R变为G719X+S768I双突变,还有1例患者EGFR基因由原来的19-del变为野生型。其次,EGFR-TKI获得性耐药后ARMS法有2例发生T790M突变的胸水细胞块未检出。 结论: EGFR基因T790M突变是导致获得性耐药的主要突变类型;对于EGFR基因阴性患者,EGFR-TKI获得性耐药并没有使其EGFR基因发生改变;对于EGFR-TKI敏感性的EGFR突变患者,EGFR-TKI获得性耐药可能会使EGFR药敏突变位点发生丢失或改变。.

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Chinese Journal of Pathology

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